解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::The effect of a novel phosphorothionate, the methyl ester of 2-butenoic acid-3-diethoxy phosphinothioyl (RPR-II) was studied on membrane bound target enzymes Acid (AcP) and Alkaline (AkP) Phosphatases in different tissues of male and female albino Wistar rats. Three sub-chronic doses 0.014 (low), 0.028 (medium) and 0....
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-100100131
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiotoxicity is commonly associated with cocaine abuse. Previous studies have indicated that cocaine alters myocardial mitochondrial function. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of cocaine on activity of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and in iso...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-100100119
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In May 1993, Administrative Browner of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) announced that an indirect exposure health risk assessment was required for all hazardous waste combustion facilities seeking a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act permit. These types of risk assessments evaluate the health and ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-100100103
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of an occupational hazard evaluation, p-bromobenzyl bromide (p-BBB) was evaluated for genotoxic activity in the Ames microbial mutagenicity assay, the alkaline elution assay for DNA strand breaks in rat hepatocytes and the in vitro chromosome aberration assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The compound produc...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549908993169
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the increasing prevalence of occupational sensitization to acrylate compounds, n-butyl acrylate (BAC), ethyl acrylate (EAC), and trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMT) were recommended by the National Toxicology Program for hypersensitivity testing in female B6C3F1 mice. The objectives of these studies were to de...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909042528
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has suggested that endogenous sulfhydryls, such as glutathione (GSH) and cysteine, are involved in the uptake and toxicity of HgCl2. To study this possibility, uptake and toxicity of synthesized Hg(SG)2, Hg(cysteinylglycine)2 [Hg(CYS-GLY)2] and Hg(CYS)2 were investigated in rabbit renal proximal tubule s...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909017838
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1994, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) developed a screening methodology for conducting indirect exposure risk assessments for combustion facilities. The United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine currently utilizes this methodology in conjunction with other USEP...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909029733
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between lead concentration in the dry film of lead based paints applied to steel bulkheads aboard ship, the lead concentration found in the air when the paint is removed by mechanical means, and blood lead concentrations of workers involved in lead based paint removal has not been well characterized. ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909029723
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many pharmaceuticals are administered to children and adults as sprays provided in nebulizers or metered-dose inhalers. Stress associated with possible eye irritation and injury attributable to exposure to vapors and particulates during the required safety testing procedures of such medicines is a potential confoundin...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809002204
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) are two commonly used coupling reagents in protein synthesis resulting in exposure of individuals in chemical and pharmaceutical industries as well as research laboratories involved in protein synthesis and recombinant DNA techniques. The objectives of t...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809011647
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mercuric chloride was administered by three routes--subcutaneous, intramuscular and intraperitoneal to adult female Wistar rats. The peroxidative status of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and the sciatic nerves were studied. Enhanced levels of lipid peroxides indicate progressing cellular injury. All the experimental ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809017850
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerns that chemical warfare (CW) agents themselves or in combination with other chemicals may cause long-term damage to nerve and muscle are reviewed and discussed. Experiments on mice and hens underway with agent GA and pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and their effects (either separately or together) are presented. ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809007410
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) mandate protection of public health, welfare, and the environment at Superfund hazardous waste sites. The NCP requires lead response agenciesto integrate bas...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549709003889
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of oxidative-stress as a mechanism of hepatotoxicity caused by combination of isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RMP) was investigated in young growing rats. A successful model of hepatotoxicity was produced by giving 50 mg/kg/day each of INH and RMP in two weeks. Liver showed type II hepatocellular changes (mic...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549709003881
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro effect of methyl mercury (MM) and lead (Pb) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-specific glutamate receptor binding in neonatal (10 days old) and adult rat brain was investigated. The cerebral cortex was isolated from the neonatal and adult male Sprague-Dawley rats and the synaptic plasma membranes were prepar...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549709011076
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many steps are required to convert a normal cell into a cancerous one. The cancer cell must be able to multiply under conditions that a normal cell would not and to invade surrounding tissue and spread throughout the body. Both genetic changes, such as activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes,...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/01480549608998231
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess the compatibility, in terms of red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, of ondansetron (OND; a 5-hydroxytryptamine subtype-3 receptor antagonist) with the organophosphorus pretreatment compound pyridostigmine (PYR) after simultaneous oral (p.o.) administration to g...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549609002193
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a chronic toxicity study in the rat, bidisomide administered as a dietary admixture produced a dose-related lowering of reticulocytes and leucocytes. Plasma alanine aminotransferase activity was increased at 300 mg/kg and decreased at 900 mg/kg. The potential mechanisms of these effects were investigated by compari...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549509014323
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene was administered daily by corn oil gavage to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at the following dose levels: 1.0, 3.0, 10.0 and 22.0 mmol/kg/day for 14 days. Doses gavaged during the 90-day subchronic study were 0.33, 1.00, 3.00 and 9.00 mmol/kg/day. There were no compound-related deaths or ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549509014319
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 1-year chronic toxicity study was conducted in which rhesus monkeys (4/sex/dose) were given daily doses of 0, 3, 10, or 25 mg zatosetron/kg by nasogastric intubation. Clinical signs of toxicity characterized by salivation, diarrhea or soft stools, and/or emesis occurred in animals that received 10 or 25 mg/kg of zat...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549509017858
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suppression of mitogen-induced splenocyte lymphoproliferation and interleukin 2 (IL-2) production can be used as indicators of immunotoxicity. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) is both a potent mitogen and the most potent in vitro inducer of IL-2 production that has been described. An in vitro system was used to meas...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549409064043
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of chloropicrin (CP) was assessed following its administration to rats via oral gavage for either 10 or 90 consecutive days at dose levels of 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg and 2, 8 and 32 mg/kg, respectively. Control rats received corn oil at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg. Toxicological observations included organ and b...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549409014306
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In view of the ability of several phosphoesterases to hydrolyze organophosphates to toxic phenols, the bioactivation of bis[p-nitrophenyl]phosphate (BNPP) by the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris was investigated. In a contact toxicity test, BNPP was was less toxic than the metabolite p-nitrophenol (PNP), but more toxic ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549309038664
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The teratogenicity of p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin, novolak type, (PTBP-FR) was examined in Wistar rats. Pregnant rats were fed diets containing 0, 2.5, 5 or 10% of PTBP-FR ad libitum from day 6 to day 15 of pregnancy. Maternal toxicity, as evidenced by a decreased maternal body weight gain and food consumpti...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549308998227
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Captan fungicide (N-(trichloromethylthio)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide) metabolism in two human volunteers rapidly yields THPI (tetrahydrophthalimide) and TTCA (thiazolidine-2-thione-4-carboxylic acid). The work was done to evaluate usefulness of TTCA and THPI as biomarkers of occupational exposure and to compare h...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549309031997
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accelerating rotarod was used to assess motor performance decrement in rats after administration of candidate anticonvulsant compounds (acetazolamide, amitriptyline, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, diazepam-lysine, lorazepam, loprazolam, midazolam, phenobarbital and scopolamine) against nerve agent poisoning. All comp...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549209014150
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical pretreatment is effective against a 2 LD50 challenge of soman, sarin or VX or a 5 LD50 challenge of tabun. Chemical pretreatment followed by post challenge therapy should be effective against greater levels of agent. Such tests in guinea pigs are reported here; pretreatment regimens (PRGs) consisted of physos...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549209014157
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental and clinical data relevant for the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of the immunosuppressant ciclosporin are reviewed. Ciclosporin binds reversibly to the cytosolic receptor protein ciclophilin. Ciclophilin is likely involved in the blockade of lymphocyte activation-induced gene transcription of v...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/01480549209032293
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual observations were made to compare the pretreatment benefits of subacute (75 micrograms/hr, sc) and acute (146 micrograms/kg, im, at 30 min) deliveries of physostigmine salicylate (Phy) against 2 or 5 LD50s (60 or 150 micrograms/kg, sc) of soman in guinea pigs; scopolamine, 80 micrograms/kg, im, was given routin...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549109017866
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone (PIH) is a highly effective iron chelator. Acute toxicity testing was performed in mice and rats of both sexes, with 10 mice or rats/sex/group. The LD50 values of PIH in both species were 5 and 1 g/kg given orally and intraperitoneally, respectively. Microscopic examination of tissues...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549109011641
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to test the pulmonary tumor response to intratracheally instilled silica in Strain A mice. Urethane was used as a positive control. Silica treatment was utilized to evaluate the effect of a potent fibrinogen on pulmonary adenoma formation in this unique animal model. Urethane produced an increa...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549009011071
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a preclinical safety evaluation study, an indication of ocular toxicity was noted in beagle dogs receiving orally (gelatin capsules) once a day, 7 days a week for, respectively, 7 and 91 days, 10 mg/kg/day of Lortalamine, a new non-tricyclic anti-depressant compound. Lortalamine treated dogs showed, progressive...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549009032289
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of new compounds were evaluated for acute in vivo toxicity. Their synthesis and antifungal activity have previously been described by us. The naturally occurring class of compounds to which they belong - the benzylidenechroman-4-ones - have been identified as a potential source of new antifungal agents. These...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549009018120
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of feeding two compounds, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), an adrenal steroid, and clofibrate (CLOF) to rats (which are both hypolipidemic, hepatomegaly inducing and hepatic peroxisome proliferating agents) on the binding of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) to hepatic DNA in vivo is compared. Male Sprag...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548908999162
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fertilized hen eggs were topically applied with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butyl ester (3.1 mg/egg) before starting incubation. During the incubation time 20% of the compound applied on eggs was lost by volatilization. At different incubation times (0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 days) the wash-off technique was applied to fe...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548908999150
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Albino mice (8-10 wks) weighing between 14 and 25 g were divided into 2 groups and dosed orally once per week with 2 doses (7 mg/kg and 21 mg/kg) of the gut-stimulating principle in Croton penduliflorus seeds (CP crystals) for 12 weeks. Some mice (3-4) from each group were killed at 10 days intervals for the first 6 w...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548908999146
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl 2,2-difluoromalonyl fluoride (MMF) is highly toxic by inhalation producing mortality in rats exposed for 4 hours to 0.55 mg/L. Repeated inhalation exposures of rats to 0.009 mg/L produced irritation but no other signs of a toxic response. Mortality was encountered following repeated exposures to 0.066 mg/L. ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548808998223
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beagle dogs (3 to 6 years old) were treated with 100-150 mg procainamide HC1/kg/day. After 2, 5, and 9 months of treatment, peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated and stimulated with pokeweed mitogen. The data demonstrated a suppression of mitogenesis only at 2 and 5 months after procainamide treatment. The lympho...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548808998220
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An anti-tumor agent, the cationic dye rhodamine 123 (Rh 123), becomes concentrated in mitochondria of certain tissues and inhibits ATP production. Rh 123 was tested for developmental toxicity by i.p. injection into pregnant CD-1 mice daily on gestation days 7-10 (plug = day 1) at doses up to 15 mg/kg/day. Additional m...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548809017882
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of various levels of dietary iron on hepatic lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA] content), reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity as well as liver and body weights of female rats following TCDD administration were examined. Rats were fed diets containing deficient (6 ppm), nor...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548809038656
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00